The agreement on the entry of Italy into the 1st vol. war, this region was promised to her by the Allies. Until then, he was part of the CaK monarchy. South Tyrol did not exist as a name, it was part of Tyrol. It is named after the castle of Tirol, which today is paradoxically located in Italy above Merano, in present-day South Tyrol. Today's Trentino was the southernmost part of the monarchy and already mostly Italian-speaking (but with the official German language). That is why it was historically called "Welschtirol", ie Italian Tyrol. In 1920, the two areas were annexed to Italy as the Trento / Bolzano region. After Mussolini's accession, of course, efforts were made to Italianize the whole area, which in the case of Trentino was almost completely successful. South Tyrol retained the German language, but at that time the name of the Alto Adige region began to be promoted in order to erase the context with Austrian Tyrol. Even our soldiers, fighting on the Italian front, are talking about a region called Upper Adige. After the 2nd st. war, the movement for autonomy grew stronger. In the end, it succeeded, and today the Trento / Bolzano region is divided into two autonomous provinces with their own laws, governments and parliaments. The Autonomous Province of Trento has chosen the name Trentino as its unofficial but marketing name. Although Czech is sometimes translated as Trentino (Trento is Trentto Czech), it is a bit of an archaism. 96% of the population speak Italian, 3,5% Ladin and the rest two other Germanic dialects. The Autonomous Province of Bolzano (German: Bozen) chose the name Südtirol, ie South Tyrol, as its unofficial but marketing name. German and Italian are on an equal footing here. All the inhabitants born here speak both languages. However, Italianization has left its mark to this day. So the main centers of provimncie today are with the majority of the Italian-speaking population. therefore, the original names of these cities have also changed. Bolzano (originally German Bozen) and Merano (originally German Meran). The Italians speak of the province as Alto Adige, which should have shown Italy's rule over the region in the past.
Everything is much more complicated because there are also Ladins in the region, who have some autonomy in their autonomy. So in the traditionally inhabited valleys (these are the original inhabitants of the whole Alpine area, in Switzerland they are called the Rhetoromans), the Lady is superior to Italian and German. So the famous valley of Val Gardena is not even named because there is a majority of the population of Ladine and the rest of the German speaking, so it is called Gherdën or Grödental.
So, in conclusion, I'm using names that are local or their Czech transcripts. So the whole area should be called Trentino / Südtirol or Trentino / South Tyrol. This "Südtirol / South Tyrol" may be a little irritating to fanatical Italian nationalists, but it is the correct name for the province, which is used by the local population.
And just a pearl - Trentino, the province of Trento, has one thing in common with us, and that's a national emblem. Jan Lucemburský, after having used the lion in the Czech kingdom as a state symbol, gave the former Bishop of Trent the original emblem of the Czech princes and kings, the Saint Wenceslas Eagle. And here still has the province of Trento in its emblem and flag. Tedy česká orlici :)
Article author: Pavel Hanuška / Independent journalist and photographer
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